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Designing a mission for a flight to the Moon requires balancing the demands of a wide array of spacecraft systems, with the details of tending each component generating complex and often contradictory requirements. More than any other system in the Apollo spacecraft, the Apollo Guidance Computer drove the capabilities of the lunar missions. In the 1960's, most computers filled an entire room yet the spacecraft's computer was required to be compact and require little power.� When compared to modern systems, the AGC's design limitations and lack of speed presented formidable challenges. Yet, hardware and software engineers overcame these difficulties, and their creation was able to guide a new and complex spacecraft and its precious human cargo away from the safety of Earth and towards a new world. Although people today find it difficult to accept that it was possible to control a spacecraft using such a 'primitive' computer, it nevertheless had capabilities that are advanced even by today's standards.

The Apollo Guidance Computer: Architecture and Operation is the first comprehensive description of the Apollo computer, beginning with its internal organization to its user interface and flight software. Particular emphasis is placed on the instruction set, Executive capabilities, the Interpreter and the detailed procedures for mission application software. Launch, landing on the Moon and entry back on Earth are explained in rich detail and show how the computer was an integral part of the spacecraft operation. As a comprehensive account, it spans the disciplines of computer science, aerospace engineering and spacecraft operations. The Apollo Guidance Computer: Architecture and Operation is an essential reference for space historians and engineers, and serves well as a complementary text for computer science courses.

• Sales Rank: #92118 in Books
• Brand: Brand: Praxis
• Published on: 2010-07-12
• Released on: 2010-07-12
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 9.45" h x 1.04" w x 6.61" l, 1.71 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 430 pages

Features

• Used Book in Good Condition

Review

From the reviews:

“This exceedingly valuable work will give present day Computer Science students the background to understand how the dramatic breakthroughs in Logical Design, Computer Architecture, Computer Language Interpreters and Real-Time Executive Software was invented, and how it worked in practice. … This excellent reference will form a model for teaching and learning historical Computer Architectures and Software so that future Computer Scientists can understand and learn the original ideas that today guide their field.” (Ira Laefsky, Amazon, September, 2010)

From the Back Cover
By today's standards, the on-board computer used by the Apollo astronaut's was a primitive affair, but in an age when most computers filled an entire room, this was small, required little power, and incorporated several technologies that were revolutionary for its time. This is the first book to fully describe the Apollo guidance computer's architecture, Executive software, and the programs used by astronauts. It describes the full range of technologies required in order to fly the Apollo lunar missions, and whicn enabled the astronauts to fly to the Moon - and back!

About the Author
Frank O'Brien's interest in the Apollo program began as a serious amateur historian. By the early 1990's, he began performing research and writing essays for the Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, and the Apollo Flight Journal, which are considered the canonical online reference on the flights to the Moon. Much of this work centered on his primary interests, the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) and the Lunar Module. He was then asked to assist the curatorial staff in the creation of the Cradle of Aviation Museum, on Long Island, New York, where he helped prepare the Lunar Module simulator, a LM procedure trainer and an Apollo space suit for display. He regularly lectures on the Apollo computer and related topics to diverse groups, from NASA's computer engineering conferences, the IEEE/ACM, computer festivals and university student groups.

Most helpful customer reviews

49 of 49 people found the following review helpful.
A Stunning Achievement In The Literature Of Apollo
By Robert I. Hedges
"The Apollo Guidance Computer: Architecture and Operation" by Frank O'Brien is an extremely rare book: it actually says something new about Apollo while clarifying myriads of technical points that engineers, programmers, and pilots have been wondering about for decades. The book puts the history and development of the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) in historical perspective, and discusses the primary hardware, software, and programming features that made the system operate. From a modern perspective the AGC seems cumbersome and archaic, yet in the 1960's it was truly state of the art, featuring huge developments in integrated circuits, and amazing flexibility in a compact package that could fit in the Command Module (CM) and Lunar Module (LM.)

The book really does start from the beginning, discussing everything from floating point numbers, binary and octal notation, instruction formats and the like. Not being a programmer, this was the most difficult part of the book for me, and I read it quite slowly to make sure I grasped the salient points before proceeding. The book then delves into the unique core memory architecture of the AGC and the structure of the various registers, timers, and basic logic. Following that O'Brien gets into concepts more familiar to me such as the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and the various I/O devices involved with spacecraft navigation. He covers the basics of cislunar navigation, and discusses how the inputs were made (generally on the DSKY,) and explains the significance of all the annunciations on the DSKY and related areas. He has a particularly strong grasp of the perils of gimbal lock, and gives excellent explanations of the phenomena and the resulting problems (i.e. the progression from the "Gimbal Lock" light which is actually cautionary, to "No Att" which signifies the actually loss of orientation, p. 129.) Entwined in these discussions are explanations of higher level functionality of the AGC (e.g. the Executive and Interpreter,) DSKY entries, and limitations of the system.

Chapter three, "The basics of guidance and navigation," was my favorite in the book because it elegantly took the theory of the AGC design and explained its practical use along with the use of the hardware in the CM and LM associated with navigating to the moon and back. O'Brien is very strong in his explanation of the IMU gimbals and the principles of the stable platform, and discusses the frequently-confusing axis-naming conventions used on Apollo (p. 201,) and the mechanics of gimbal operation and gimbal lock. He also gives a good explanation of the optics and sextant-based stellar navigation system (CM) and the Alignment Optical Telescope (AOT) in the LM. The discussion concludes with a great overview of coordinate systems ("Which way is up?") and introduces the crucial concept of the Reference to Stable Member Matrix (REFSMMAT,) which specifies the orientation of the platform.

Chapter four, "Mission programs and operations," is the most fast-paced in the book. O'Brien rapidly progresses through the programs required for a typical mission, and explains them with reference to Apollo flightplans and excellent photographs of the actual hardware involved to make it easier to follow. DSKY entries are emphasized and the critical nature of the mission timeline is constantly reinforced. Rendezvous is extensively discussed, and the methods used throughout Apollo are discussed, and explanations of different methods, techniques, and requirements are well covered (e.g. Coelliptic Sequence Initiation, plane changes, etc.) I especially commend Mr. O'Brien's explanation of the Constant Delta Height (CDH) maneuver on p. 302. I had harbored some misunderstandings about this (specifically how the CDH burn could adjust the phasing between the CM and LM,) but O'Brien addressed the issue and made it easily grasped.

The book winds down with an excellent discussion of the Digital Autopilot (DAP,) which was truly revolutionary. The DAP was enormously flexible, and allowed Apollo to pioneer "fly-by-wire" technologies and made the mission much more manageable for the astronauts. O'Brien then segues into the related discussion of RCS thrusters and coupling phenomena, followed by an explanation of earth atmosphere entry and the various entry profiles that might be selected and why (i.e. whether or not to use a "double dip" entry.) Finally (and of most interest to many readers,) the Apollo 11 executive overflow alarms (1202 and 1201) and the Apollo 14 abort discrete bit issue (likely caused by a loose floating ball of solder) are examined and explained in detail.

The book also contains numerous appendices listing everything from AGC Interrupt Vectors to the CM and LM Programs (Major Modes) as well as complete Noun and Verb lists for both the CM and LM. The scope of this work is genuinely amazing.

This book is not for the casual reader with a passing interest in the lunar landings, but for engineers, computer programmers, pilots, astronauts, and historians of technology this is a genre-defining work. I took a long time to read this book as there is much here to be learned, but don't regret a second of it: this is an amazing book and I recommend it highly.

28 of 28 people found the following review helpful.
A Vital Historical Computer Architecture Study--"Wow"
By Ira Laefsky
The embedded computer that traveled with the Apollo astronauts was not only an important component of the navigation and control system for the historic lunar landings; it was an infinitely important landmark in the development of the microcomputer and embedded real-time systems which today inhabit our cars, homes and entertainment equipment. It was also the first important step in developing inexpensive real-time systems for control and ubiquitous computing. While other works such as Mindel's "Digital Apollo" and Eldon C. Hall's "Journey To The Moon" have described this system as a component of the overall Apollo system and in a first-person account of the development process, only this important textbook gives the modern student of computer architecture and embedded real-time systems the technical detail to understand how this first microcomputer system worked in practice. Exquisite detail and explanation is given of the Hardware and Logical Design Architecture of this systems, as well as the principles and practice of the historic Forth-like language interpreter and Real-Time Executive Software.

This exceedingly valuable work will give present day Computer Science students the background to understand how the dramatic breakthroughs in Logical Design, Computer Architecture, Computer Language Interpreters and Real-Time Executive Software was invented, and how it worked in practice. Detailed Scenarios are also given of how this software and hardware architecture functioned in the astronauts computation of Navigation and Guidance. Enough detail and careful instruction is given in the functioning of this computer for classroom instruction in computer science or for the advanced hobbyist to use the software simulators of the Apollo Guidance Computer in duplicating the steps the Lunar Astronauts performed in guiding the Command Module and Lunar Lander. This excellent reference will form a model for teaching and learning historical Computer Architectures and Software so that future Computer Scientists can understand and learn the original ideas that today guide their field.

--Ira Laefsky
MSE/MBA Computer Human Interaction Researcher and Consultant formerly Senior Consultant on the Staff of Arthur D. Little, Inc. and Digital Equipment Corporation

26 of 26 people found the following review helpful.
Well written book on an interesting subject!
By Stephen Hermer
I purchased the Kindle edition, and found it to be well formatted with clear images and text. I was surprised by how much I really liked this book -- Frank O'Brien knows his stuff, and this book is a real pleasure to read.

This book is divided into five main chapters, plus a set of appendixes:

Chapter 0 - The state of the art
This chapter lays the groundwork, briefly covering the early history of computing and manned flight. This chapter also covers the concept of computer "power", and how well a computer with very limited hardware can really perform.

Chapter 1 - The AGC hardware
This chapter describes the physical computer, how it evolved from the requirements of a manned mission to the moon, and how every bit of functionality was squeezed out of it. Before reading this book, I envisioned the Apollo Guidance Computer as a glorified calculator, but it was actually a complex and advanced computer in many ways.

Chapter 2 - The Executive and Interpreter
This chapter describes the instruction set and programming language of the Apollo Guidance Computer. It also goes into some detail regarding the various interfaces inside the spacecraft as well as telemetry back to Earth. As a computer programmner, this section was especially interesting for me.

Chapter 3 - The basics of guidance and navigation
This chapter covers the spacecraft sensors and the problems of navigating the spacecraft. This might sound like a very dry subject, but the author is able to make it interesting and understandable.

Chapter 4 - Mission programs and operations
This chapter covers the entire Apollo mission (launch, navigating to the moon, lunar landing, lunar orbit rendevous, and return to the Earth). Before reading this chapter, I was unaware that the lunar lander had an autopilot (or that the crew refused to use it).

Appendixes
The appendixes contain an incredible amount of detail, and provide a great deal of "value added" information.

The subject matter of this work may not be for everyone, but those who have some interest will not be disappointed if they pick this gem up!

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[N939.Ebook] Download Leadership for a Better World: Understanding the Social Change Model of Leadership Development, by Susan R. Komives, Wendy Wagner

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Praise for Leadership for a Better World

"What a powerful, very needed, and welcome sequel to A Social Change Model for Leadership Development Guidebook. It is a book for students, faculty, and everyone who engages in leadership for social change for a better world. It is an inspiring and liberating book in that it validates each one of us as we discover and practice the gifts we have been given." —Helen S. Astin, professor emerita of higher education and senior scholar, Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA

"While simple schemes and models of leadership can have their appeal, the more challenging view proposed in Leadership for a Better World is not only more realistic but infinitely more fulfilling. This form of leadership calls us to look at our own deep yearnings and then respect those of others in the amazing global community of the twenty-first century." —Denny Roberts, assistant vice president for faculty and student services, Qatar Foundation

"Positing that social change is at the heart of the leadership experience, Leadership for a Better World answers the question of 'leadership for what purpose?' Grounded in student experiences, this book includes student voices, stories, and contemporary case studies. Written in an informed and approachable tone, it provides a coherent set of guiding principles about how knowing oneself, meaningfully engaging with others, and adopting a systems perspective can promote the socially responsible leadership so needed in the world today." —Julie E. Owen, assistant professor, Leadership and Integrative Studies, George Mason University

• Sales Rank: #50207 in Books
• Brand: Komives, Susan R./ Wagner, Wendy
• Published on: 2009-06-09
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.30" w x 6.00" l, 1.45 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 496 pages

Review
“Leadership for a Better World: Understanding the Social Change Model of Leadership Development represents an ambitious collaboration of higher education scholars and practitioners summarizing and applying the social change model of leadership.” —Jaime Lester, Journal of College Student Development

From the Back Cover

Praise for Leadership for a Better World

"What a powerful, very needed, and welcome sequel to A Social Change Model for Leadership Development Guidebook. It is a book for students, faculty, and everyone who engages in leadership for social change for a better world. It is an inspiring and liberating book in that it validates each one of us as we discover and practice the gifts we have been given." --Helen S. Astin, professor emerita of higher education and senior scholar, Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA

"While simple schemes and models of leadership can have their appeal, the more challenging view proposed in Leadership for a Better World is not only more realistic but infinitely more fulfilling. This form of leadership calls us to look at our own deep yearnings and then respect those of others in the amazing global community of the twenty-first century." --Denny Roberts, assistant vice president for faculty and student services, Qatar Foundation

"Positing that social change is at the heart of the leadership experience, Leadership for a Better World answers the question of 'leadership for what purpose?' Grounded in student experiences, this book includes student voices, stories, and contemporary case studies. Written in an informed and approachable tone, it provides a coherent set of guiding principles about how knowing oneself, meaningfully engaging with others, and adopting a systems perspective can promote the socially responsible leadership so needed in the world today." --Julie E. Owen, assistant professor, Leadership and Integrative Studies, George Mason University

About the Author

Susan R. Komives is cofounder of the National Clearinghouse for Leadership Programs. She is the coauthor of Exploring Leadership: For College Students Who Want to Make a Difference, Second Edition.

Wendy Wagner is the former coordinator of the National Clearinghouse for Leadership Programs. She is the coeditor of the Handbook for Student Leadership Programs and has published on the Social Change Model.

The National Clearinghouse for Leadership Programs supports leadership development in college students through professional development for leadership educators.

Most helpful customer reviews

5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
A wide-ranging book with lessons for business and social issues libraries alike
By Midwest Book Review
LEADERSHIP FOR A BETTER WORLD: UNDERSTANDING THE SOCIAL CHANGE MODEL OF LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT isn't just for business libraries - although these will be the best beneficiaries of its message. It's for any collection of social issues readers where leadership aspirations are linked to social change. From schemes and models of leadership to understanding the collaborative process and its difference from cooperative skills, LEADERSHIP FOR A BETTER WORLD is a wide-ranging book with lessons for business and social issues libraries alike.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Perfect introduction to the basics of leadership
By Matt Roth
This book is perfect for any person looking to enhance their leadership skills. It provides the necessities to becoming an effective leader in any aspect of your life. Big or small change, the powerful information packed into this book will help any person harness their leadership potential.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Great book!
By Cristina
I got this book for a leadership class, but as I started reading it, I really started to enjoy it. It's very good and I recommend it for anyone who wants to boost their leadership skills.

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[Z231.Ebook] Ebook Choosing Your Own Greatness, by Wayne, Dr. Dyer

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• Sales Rank: #5316000 in Books
• Brand: Brand: Nightingale Conant Corp (a)
• Published on: 1991-06
• Dimensions: 11.75" h x 10.00" w x 1.00" l,
• Binding: Audio Cassette

Features

• Used Book in Good Condition

Most helpful customer reviews

8 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
The Ultimate Grail
By Antonio Sacin (abreviatio@aol.com)
In spite of his discussion of the NEZ people (Non-Erroneous Zone for the neophite) I found the overall quality of the book to be good. The NEZ description appeared to be of a typical saint, although too detached from social interaction to be of my liking. I have read many of his other books and the good thing about this guy is that you can almost see the time progression of his ideas (they change from time to time, although not too radically).

7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
this is a great book
By shawn
before I read this book, I was going trough a tough time. When my dad gave it to me, I didn't think it was gonna be any help, but it helped me to look at life in a new way. I would suggest reading this book at least once.

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[C685.Ebook] Download PDF Performance Practices in Classic Piano Music: Their Principles and Applications (Music Scholarship and Performance), by Sandra P. Rosenblu

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Performance today on either the pianoforte or the fortepiano can be at once joyful, musicianly, expressive, and historically informed. From this point of view, Sandra P. Rosenblum examines the principles of performing the music of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, and their contemporaries as revealed in a variety of historical sources: their autographs and letters, early editions of their music, original instruments, and contemporary tutors and journals. She applies these findings to such elements of performance as dynamics, accentuation, pedaling, articulation and touch, technique and fingering, ornaments and embellishments, choice of tempo, and tempo flexibility.

Familiarity with the Classic conventions provides a framework for interpretation and an understanding of the choices available within the style, the amount of freedom a performer has, and which areas are ambiguous. Rosenblum’s detailed study, copiously illustrated with musical examples, is invaluable for professional and amateur performers, serious piano students and their teachers and students of performance practices by Scarlatti and Clementi.

"... is and will remain unsurpassed as the study dealing with performance practice as it pertains to keyboard music of the Classical period." ―American Music Teacher

"Rosenblum’s monumental achievement is thorough, objective, balanced, and imaginative, a compelling blend of love and respect for the solo, chamber, and concerto literature she addresses." ―Journal of Musicological Research

"The extent and quality of her research, the depth of her perception, and her musicianship together break new ground in the study of historic performance practice." ―Early Keyboard Journal

"Her attention to details is absolutely scrupulous; no stone unturned, no argument unquestioned or unstated." ―The Musical Times

"Its importance to thoughtful musicians cannot be overstated." ―Choice

"... thoroughly musicological." ―Performance Practice Review

"... indispensable... " ―New York Times

• Sales Rank: #2377654 in Books
• Published on: 1988-11
• Ingredients: Example Ingredients
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 9.75" h x 7.00" w x 1.25" l,
• Binding: Hardcover
• 544 pages

Review
"... is and will remain unsurpassed as 'the study' dealing with performance practice as it pertains to keyboard music of the Classical period." American Music Teacher "Rosenblum's monumental achievement is thorough, objective, balanced, and imaginative, a compelling blend of love and respect for the solo, chamber, and concerto literature she addresses." Journal of Musicological Research "The extent and quality of her research, the depth of her perception, and her musicianship together break new ground in the study of historic performance practice." Early Keyboard Journal "Her attention to details is absolutely scrupulous; no stone unturned, no argument unquestioned or unstated." The Musical Times "Its importance to thoughtful musicians cannot be overstated." Choice " ... thoroughly musicological." Performance Practice Review " ... indispensable ... " New York Times

About the Author

Sandra P. Rosenblum has lectured widely on performance practices at universities, schools of music, and both national and international conferences. The author of numerous journal articles and of editions of sonatas by Scarlatti and Clementi, Ms. Rosenblum holds degrees from Wellesley College and Harvard University. She has been the recipient of fellowships from the American Council of Learned Societies and the Radcliffe Institute. Her present research is on the music of Chopin.

Most helpful customer reviews

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Think in your students and you!
By Oscar Laredo
Every serious piano professor should buy this book AMD incorporated to his or her lessons.

0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By Gale Wolfe
Good information but the author is clearly biased on some points.

0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By berthe honein
very detailed I like it

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• Sales Rank: #412157 in Books
• Published on: 2015-08-22
• Original language: English
• Dimensions: 9.00" h x .15" w x 6.00" l,
• Binding: Paperback
• 64 pages

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[W994.Ebook] Get Free Ebook The "Hitler Myth": Image and Reality in the Third Reich, by Ian Kershaw

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Few, if any, twentieth-century political leaders have enjoyed greater popularity among their own people than Hitler did in the decade or so following his rise to power in 1933. The personality of Hitler himself, however, can scarcely explain this immense popularity or his political effectiveness in the 1930s and '40s. His hold over the German people lay rather in the hopes and perceptions of the millions who adored him.

Based largely on the reports of government officials, party agencies, and political opponents, Ian Kershaw's groundbreaking study charts the creation, growth, and decline of the "Hitler myth." He demonstrates how the manufactured "Fuhrer-cult" served as a crucial integrating force within the Third Reich and a vital element in the attainment of Nazi political aims. Masters of the new techniques of propaganda, the Nazis used "image-building" to exploit the beliefs, phobias, and prejudices of the day. Kershaw greatly enhances our understanding of the German people's attitudes and behavior under Nazi rule and the psychology behind their adulation of Hitler.

• Sales Rank: #446750 in Books
• Published on: 2001-12-13
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 4.90" h x .70" w x 7.50" l, .59 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 320 pages

Amazon.com Review
Before writing the first volume of his substantial biography of Adolf Hitler, Ian Kershaw focused on the popular appeal of the Nazi dictator in The "Hitler Myth". Arguing that "the sources of Hitler's appeal must be sought ... in those who adored him, rather than in the leader himself," Kershaw shows how Hitler's public image welded together antagonistic forces within the Nazi state, mobilized the nation for war, and contributed to the ethos that animated systematic and genocidal violence.

Responding to historians who maintain that Hitler's personality or ideological fixations accounted for his broad acceptance, Kershaw argues that, in the early 1930s, a sizable plurality of Germans hungered for an omnipotent F�hrer to stand above the political disharmonies of the Weimar state. Later, foreign policy and military victories attracted many more to the Hitler legend. However, victories were the price for popularity; and Hitler became more and more bloodthirsty as both his image and regime foundered under the blows of the Allied powers. The Hitler myth, then--a cultural phenomenon the Reich Minister Joseph Goebbels claimed as his greatest propaganda triumph--became a fundamental cause for the collapse of the Nazi State.

Kershaw's authoritative history of political culture in Hitler's Germany forcefully demonstrates that the F�hrer's popularity rested less on "bizarre and arcane precepts of Nazi ideology than on social and political values ... recognizable in many societies other than the Third Reich." In our present political environment, which repeatedly features outcries for "leadership" from pundits and public servants alike, the disturbing lessons of The "Hitler Myth" are an urgent warning. --James Highfill

Review

"The strength of Kershaw's study is that he moves beyond a description of the construction of the 'Hitler myth' to analyze its strength and resiliency."--The Richmond Times-Dispatch

Language Notes
Text: English, German (translation)

Most helpful customer reviews

63 of 70 people found the following review helpful.
A solid, interesting survey
By I should be at the gym
"The Hitler Myth" is essentially a charting of the effectiveness of--though not an in-depth investigation of--the propaganda machine relative specifically to how the German populace viewed Adolf Hitler from the late 1920's through the duration of the war. Kershaw measures the propaganda machine's effectiveness through 1) opinion poll results, 2) voting figures, and 3) anecdotal documentation, especially reports from Nazi Party functionaries regarding what might today be called "the word on the street."

What ends up being Kershaw's most strongly stressed observation in the text is the persistence in Nazi Germany of public "excusablility" of Hitler (my clumsy term, not Kershaw's) or a sort of "blame transfer" (again, my inadequate term) that existed relative to any negative news or regime mistakes.

In other words, when things went wrong, the public--in a seemingly maniacal way--held onto a "BUT IT'S NOT THE FURHER'S FAULT" mentality. Concomitant to this reality is the extent to which the Nazi Party was actually actively disliked by huge swaths of the population of Germany from quite early on (pre-war), and even more so by the beginning of hostilities with the Allies. Nonetheless, none of that displeasure seemed to get applied to Hitler himself until much, much later. Kershaw's fairly convincing stream of written evidence shows that the public persistently disassociated Hitler from the over-zealous policies, corruption, or flat-out bad ideas and brutish stupidity of the Nazi regime by assuming that Hitler was being misinformed by sycophants, or was being foiled by the pernicious British, or was simply too absorbed with genius foreign policy and thus distracted from domestic concerns, etc. In fact, the evidence suggests that during many points of the Third Reich's embarrassing reign, at least up until the defeat at Stalingrad, when the popularity of the Nazi Party worsened, Hitler's personal popularity actually increased.

The "why" behind all this is tricky, and Kershaw is honest enough to say so, admitting that he doesn't have a complete answer. But, his exhaustive research over the years has helped. Clearly, he thinks that the Nazi propaganda machine and its persistent application is the principle reason for the amazing success of the "Hitler myth." Or, to put it in modern pundit parlance: "It's the media, stupid." Control of communications by savvy, Machiavellian manipulators like Joseph Gobbles allowed for Hitler to always be positioned (literally, too!) in the best possible light, no matter what the national or international circumstances.

A secondary but important factor in the vitality of the Hitler myth was simply a desperate German thirst for leadership (decisive leadership or at least decisive-sounding) in the wake of 20 years of highly dysfunctional adolescent democracy burdened by rank corruption and destabilized by what was at the time the compelling Communist alternative, Communism having not then been discredited anywhere in the world nearly to the extent it has been now.

While Kershaw does not apply the lessons of the Hitler myth directly to any aspect of today's political environment, some parallels are there, and he discretely suggests as much in a few places in the text. Kershaw wisely leaves it up to you, the reader, to plumb them. I suspect that Kershaw, being a British citizen and longtime observer of the media of the past, cannot help but find some slight comparisons--arguably worrying--between the inability of the German media to respond critically to Hitler and the inability of the modern media to do the same relative to national leaders or powerful and essentially conservative or nationalistic movements, particularly in the United States and in those large regions of the Middle East served by Al-Jezeera's news service. Of course media observers, including some of Kershaw's professional colleagues, outside of the U.S. and some within (where it is considered fairly "politically incorrect") have drawn parallels to the staging of Hitler-focused Nazi propaganda events and rallies and those staged by the current American presidential administration. Parallels have also been drawn--much more often in Kershaw's native Britain than in the U.S.--between the Third Reich's control of the media the corporate control of the media today. (Incidentally, Kershaw does somewhat discuss public partisan events, especially Nazi rallies in small communities and parades in Berlin and elsewhere, and it is interesting to read the obsessively detailed accounts of official Nazi reports citing how many people were in the crowds during parades, what percentage of them seemed to be executing the Nazi salute, and so forth.) Granted, the media's inability to serve genuine public discourse today and be properly critical (I use "critical" in the same sense of the word as it is used in the term "critical thinking;" that is, "critical" meaning the qualities of being careful, objective, and intellectually rigorous, not necessarily "negative") is less severe today that than in Germany in the 1930's and 1940's. But, that begs the question: just how un-critical is uncritical *enough* to cause great harm to a society, nation, or culture, particularly a Western one?

If there is a glaring omission in Kershaw's book, it is that of technological and sociological context relative to media. His entire text is about propaganda, media, and public perception, and yet there is no examination of just how many of the German people read newspaper, how many newspapers there were, how many of the people listened to radio, how many hours, and what radio shows existed, and what the options were. In fact, at times it seems Kershaw was too close to his own material, and failed to realize that the basics of the media landscape of Germany from the 1920's through the 1940's isn't something even erudite readers are likely to understand today. Granted, he touched on points of this landscape: there are brief mentions of posters and their use, or the number of Hitler's speeches and their frequency; there are citations throughout from specific newspapers, including underground anti-Nazi publications (some of which, in retrospect, seem to have been stirringly prescient and clear-sighted, so much so as to make me shake my head at times while reading their predictions and worries about what Hitler would bring to the German people and Europe). But, it was not nearly a coherent enough picture. Even just one or two pages of text giving an overarching view of the German media landscape during the 1920's and 1930's would have been extremely helpful.

27 of 30 people found the following review helpful.
Solid work
By Thomas W. Robinson
Kershaw is probably more famous now for his two part bio of Hitler, but he wrote this book around 1980 and it is still one of the best works on how propaganda painted a picture of the Fuhrer. What one finds out through reading this book is a glmpse into everyday life for Germans, how propaganda kept Hitler's popularity up despite the popularity of the Nazi Party declining, and how propaganda gave the general public a distorted view of Hitler. We also see how the public could have supported someone like Hitler and his party. Often times with the Nazi era, it is hard to understand how ordinary citizens supported the party considering what we know now, but of course people at the time did not expect a world war or the holocaust to happen. Kershaw does an excellent job of hitting this theme as he puts the reader in the time period so we see why Hitler and the Nazis rose to power. We also see that the Nazi's often times downplayed their anti-Semitism before taking power and their hatred of the Jews was not amongst the reasons most ordinary people voted Nazi or supported Hitler. All in all, this book is a must read for anyone interested in the Nazis or the use of propaganda. The book is scholarly, but for the most part is easy to read and flows pretty well.

36 of 45 people found the following review helpful.
Great Book on understanding Nazi Propaganda
By Lloyd Greg
In the late summer months of 1933 and 1934, groups of German citizens flocked to Berghof hoping to catch a glimpse of Adolf Hitler walking through the countryside . Filled with a zealous belief for the `Hitler Myth', post World War I Germany surrendered itself to Nazi propaganda. Responding to the humiliating treaty of Versailles and the economically unstable Weimar Republic, Hitler took on the Weberian characteristics of charismatic leadership . Unconditional loyalty and unquestioned faith in the Fuhrer rekindled historical notions of charismatic authority within the German psyche. Only after millions of European deaths and an Allied imposed peace could Germany finally tear itself away from the spell of Adolf Hitler.
Unlike other chroniclers and scholars of the Nazi regime, Ian Kershaw in his book The Hitler Myth: Image and Reality in The Third Reich, examined the subtle distinction World War II German citizens carried in their assessment of Hitler and the Nazi Party. According to Kershaw, Hitler realized that the personality cult constructed around him could be used to cement the integration of the Nazi Party and the German populace. Indeed, the spell of Hitler or the myth of Hitler did not always exactly correspond with the German populace's perception of the Nazi Party. Throughout his well documented work, Kershaw makes the case that the `Hitler Myth' held a different form of allegiance within World War II Germany. The `Hitler Myth' unlike the Nazi party, prevented the German citizen from abandoning the Fuhrer in his quest for European dominance . It was trust in Hitler not in allegiance to the Nazi Party that propelled many German citizens to fight through World War II, despite food shortages and mounting casualties. Only after the dropping of 1,202,000 tons of bombs in 1944 did the majority of the German populace awaken to the reality of the Third Reich and realize the linkage between the devastating policies of the Nazi party and `The Hitler Myth'.
The separation of the Fuhrer from the Nazi party began with the incarceration of Adolf Hitler at Landsberg in 1924. Prior to his jailing, Hitler merely saw himself as an intrepid vanguard for a future National Socialist dictator . Only after a period of gestation when Hitler read voraciously, wrote Mein Kampf, and received countless party visitors did the future Fuhrer bloom to the realization that he could carry the mantle of National Socialism and assume the untapped potential of the `Hitler Myth'. Only a year prior to Hitler's incarceration, the German populace viewed the Munich orator as little more than a "vulgar demagogue". With his Landsberg transformation, Hitler assumed the reigns of the Nazi Party.
Appealing to the German middle classes, Hitler promoted a message of anti-Marxism and strong authoritarian leadership. While assuming political power for the Nazi Party, Hitler subtly cultivated his own cult of personality and authority by issuing a 1933 directive through the Minister of the Interior calling for the compulsory greeting of `Heil Hitler' for all governmental employees . More than jailings, beatings, and political sabotage, the greeting of `Heil Hitler' provided the Fuhrer with a subtle tool for manufacturing German consent. This consent was needed in 1933-41 as the Nazi party failed to uphold promises of economic renewal and growth . Despite material dissatisfaction, the German populace did not reject the `Hitler Myth' which was seen by many Germans inhabiting an allegiance outside the political and economic system.
Hitler realized that the continued allegiance of the German populace needed to be sustained by tangible triumphs. The growth of Lebensraum not GDP was an essential component in fostering the `Hitler Myth'. In 1938 and 1939, Hitler created a mythos of `Triumph without Bloodshed' by occupying the Sudentanland with a perceived skill and strong armed diplomacy. If Landsberg secured the `Hitler Myth' within the Nazi Party structure, the Munich Crisis convinced a majority of the German citizens to unquestionably follow the charismatic and diplomatically agile leadership of Adolf Hitler. Following victories in Denmark, Norway, Poland, and France, the `Hitler Myth' encapsulated all of Germany, since military action failed to make a serious dent in the living conditions of late 1930's Germany .
The growth of Lebensraum and `Hitler Myth' met their fate in the Stalingrad winter of 1943. Despite claims of fighting a Valhallian death, Hitler and the Nazi propaganda machine of Joseph Goebells could not mask the defeat of General Paulas and the surrender of 90,000 German soldiers . In addition, the North African military reverses and the treatment of Germany's mentally ill, chipped away at the Hitler Myth . Though Hitler was losing his dream of Lebensraum, the Hitler myth still showed its tenacity through the Final Solution.
For Kershaw, the Hitler Myth provided the German populace with an excuse to disassociate themselves from the genocidal anti-Semitism taking place across the Eastern Front. In a 1942 survey of Nazi party members, 42% of those sampled which was the largest percentage of the opinion poll, indicated that they had no interest in the fate of the Jews. In fact, the German populace never heard Hitler speak of the Jewish question in any public speeches from 1933 to 1934. Clearly, Hitler promoted the Fuhrer myth to two different audiences with two different objectives. The `Hitler Myth', which was promoted to the public, focused on a growth of Lebensraum and a linkage to the Nazi Party agenda. While the `Hitler Myth' encapsulating the Nazi Party apparatus insured unyielding loyalty to the Fuhrer and a direct participation within the Final Solution .
Only after World War II could the world and many German citizens obtain an accurate picture of the Third Reich. The Final Solution and the irrational quest for Lebensraum were finally upheld to a public light. However, this awakening came in 1945, not in 1933 when Adolf Hitler obtained the Chancellorship. For almost twelve years, the majority of the German people never questioned the "Hitler Myth'. Only after an allied bombing campaign that directly affected 1 in 3 Germans did the Volk turn away from Hitler . By 1945, German citizens no longer found the "Hitler Myth' in the sunny garden of Berghof but could see it in the morbid bunker of Berlin.

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[J476.Ebook] PDF Download Initiating And Sustaining The Clinical Nurse Leader Role: A Practical Guide, by James L. Harris, Linda A. Roussel

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Initiating and Sustaining the Clinical Nurse Leader Role: A Practical Approach serves as a practice guide Clinical Nurse Leaders (CNLs) using the ten assumptions for preparing the CNL, the CNL roles, and the end of program competencies. The CNL designs, implements, and evaluates client care by coordinating, delegating and supervising the care provided by the health care team, including licensed nurses, technicians, and other health professionals. This text provides real world tools and processes and includes chapter objectives, summaries, articles, case studies, tools, notes from the field, interviews with CNLs, CNL students, employers of CNLs and educators.

• Sales Rank: #808463 in Books
• Brand: Brand: Jones Bartlett Learning
• Published on: 2009-08-03
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 8.90" h x .70" w x 5.90" l, 1.00 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 318 pages

Features

• Used Book in Good Condition

Most helpful customer reviews

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Very Helpful
By Deborah Hitt
I found this book very helpful, working in the role and not having started school yet. It is a textbook that defines the role and helps you launch it in your facility.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Informative
By Cindy
This does not really help prepare you to take the CNL exam, but rather help lay persons and other professionals understand this new role in healthcare.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Quick shipping
By T. Mai
This book is great to learn about the CNL role but not necessarily needed, because I did not use it very much for my class.

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